Cerebrovascular disease (CVD) include a group of disorders of the cerebral vasculature leading to decreased cerebral blood flow with consequentimpairment, temporarily or permanently, the role of a general region of the brainor an area smaller, with no other apparent cause than vascular origin.

The most common causes of stroke are thrombosis in patients with atherosclerosis, hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage, transient ischemic attack,embolism, rupture of aneurysms, arteriovenous malformations, vasculitis and thrombophlebitis. In all, cerebral ischemia is the entity most prevalent amongincident and cerebrovascular diseases
Women are more likely to have CVD, especially when they have lost theestrogen protective factor.
Risk factors are divided into modifiable and non modifiable, with hypertension (HT) primary.

• Oral contraceptives

Depending on the time evolution of CVD are grouped into:

• Transient ischemic attack. Was recovered in less than 24 hours without sequelae, usually lasts less than 15 minutes.
• Reversible ischemic neurological deficit. Lasts longer than 24 hours, the symptoms disappear in 7 to 21 days without sequelae.
• Cerebrovascular accident (CVA) installed: No change for more than three weeks and sequelae.

Most often divided into two groups according to the mechanism, and usuallyischemic or hemorrhagic:
The initial assessment is intended to exclude emerging conditions that can mimic cerebrovascular disease such as hypoglycemia or seizures, a patientusually has neurological symptoms such as weakness, changes of language,vision or hearing changes, sensory disturbance, altered level of consciousness,ataxia, or other changes in sensory motor function.
The studies used for diagnosis include computed tomography, magnetic resonance and study of regional cerebral blood flow, studies of routine laboratory and electrocardiogram
Health care must be urgent and specialist, preferably within the first 6 hours of onset of symptoms with taking vital signs, cardiac monitoring, pulse oximetry.
Treatment is aimed at reducing risks and / or complications of a stroke in the short and long term and must be individualized according to each patient's condition and stage of disease.
Monitoring of blood pressure levels is important, very high blood pressure can lead to rebleeding and / or expansion of an intracranial hematoma on the contrary if you have a sudden decrease may compromise cerebral perfusion.
The most important complication of various types of cerebrovascular ischemia is sudden and irreversible part of the brain. The severity varies from full recovery of brain function and those that depend on the brain in less than 24 hours to severe disability and death.
Prevention is paramount, hence the periodic check plays an important role in preventing situations that endanger their health.

Non-pharmacological treatment

The plan of action always takes a change of lifestyle. These general measuresare based on change and remove a number of negative factors:

• Leaving snuff
• Reduce excess weight
• Moderate or eliminate alcohol
• Reduce salt intake. This is achieved by decreasing the amount of salt used in the preparation of meals, avoiding salty foods (ham, sausages in general, bread and salt crackers, chips, canned foods, convenience foods).
• Eating a diet low in animal fats
• Increase consumption of fruits, vegetables, legumes and vegetables
• Limit your intake of tea or decaffeinated coffee (1 to 2 cups per day)
• Moderate physical exercise, aerobic and do every day: walk up stairs insteadof the elevator, walking to the next stop and get off the bus one stop early, walking with a group of friends, cycling, swimming